microelectronics craft, attached to the machine craft, the rapid growth of wireless communication and sensor crafts and increasingly mature, urged the low cost, low power wireless sensors to collect WSN (Wicommandfemetropolisrchangeorganisationsorgainimpact) growth. Wireless sensors to collect research has the very widespread application prospect: military spy, situation, scientific, medical and health, industrial automation, and commercial applications. Sensors of the study is very necessary. Here first introduces the concept, structure, characteristics of wireless sensors, and the application in some scale, and for the future growth of the wireless sensor collection situation look forward.

1, wireless sensors

Wireless sensor collection is a set of sensors to caschooloffludropdenedineoc style of wired or wireless collection, its purpose is collaboration to perceive, collection and freedom of sensors and the area cover by perceived object information, and passed to the indecent view. The sensors on the sensor crafts, an embedded object machine craft and wireless communication skills, collaboration awareness, monitor and collect information of all kinds of situations perceived object, through the process for these collaborative information freedom of information, acquire the information of perception object precisely, and then through the process of caschooloffludropdenedineoc style need these information to the user.
3) collect automatically set decoration equipment, automatic identification nodes for automatic network, terminal on the net to authenticate however check made p invasion by the user. Relative to the sensors embedded in the specified address in advance, wireless sensors can draw lessons from caschooloffludropdenedineoc decoration style to set the equipment, of course, the premise is to ensure an appropriate communication negotiations billiton Cha under the situation of no one do do automatically.

2, the primary characteristics of WSN
As a new type of collection, compared to traditional wireless collection, wireless sensors has the following characteristics:


1) the spatial distribution of the area of the eve is like in military applications, wireless sensors can be deployed in the battlefield track enemy military steps, intelligent terminal can be loading in propaganda materials, quantity of the eve of the bullets or artillery shell, in the policy address from falling down, forming area of the custody of of the eve of the collection.

2) energy limited collection of each node in the power supply is limited, collect much work in no man's land or dangerous to the human body of the eve of the bad circumstances, almost can not switch power supply, this requires the low consumption, to delay collection of life. And to do the most they can save the power loss.


4) collect automatically fix and highly collaborative in wireless sensors, data freedom of work by the node itself, the characteristics of the data-centric is another feature of wireless sensors. Each node only knew the location of the adjacent nodes and identification, sensors via process between adjacent nodes collaborate with each other for a standard lamp, freedom, and communication, have very strong collaborative.

3, the structure of WSN node

Sensor node freedom, generally consists of sensor, data wireless communication and power supply of four modules, such as

Sensor module for sensor and analog-to-digital conversion module, responsible for the detection of information in the area of acquisition and data transfer; Freedom of module is composed of embedded system, data collect imopeningantcontesdiscolourtrememberivegrade, memory, embedded operating system, etc., is responsible for control the whole operation of sensor nodes, storage, and freedom of their acquisition of data and data from other node: wireless communication module is composed of collection, MAC, transceiver, etc, is responsible for communication with other sensor nodes in wireless communications, control information and to send and receive data: power supply module for sensor nodes to supply the energy needed for the operation, all by micro batteries.

4, the application of WSN size

1) the military application of WSN has rapid deployment, self-organization, the hidden and the characteristics of high fault tolerance, is very suitable for application in the military. WSN operation can be achieved on the enemy forces and equipment monitoring, the battlefield of the real time supervision, policy orientation, battlefield assessment, nuclear attack attacks and biochemical monitoring and search, and other functions. Through the process of plane or shells direct seeding the enemy position sensor nodes, can be very hidden and precisely collect battlefield information.


3) medical care with indoor collection generalization, wireless sensor billiton Cha in medical research, nursing on eve of the exhibition scale. The first application for remote health care, rbis, critically ill patients or elderly people paste shift device, pathological data real-time acquisition and rbis, urgent rescue and so on.
5) sensors collect topology change fast sensor itself the characteristics of the sensor to collect the topology change soon, this poses a challenge to collect all kinds of usefulness of the algorithm. In addition, if not beautiful nodes have the ability to move and may also collect topology change.

4) intelligent household design of smart home system policy is in the room will be the first of all kinds of household equipment, so they can run automatically, collaborate with each other, for shelter to supply as much as possible of lunch and comfortable. Embedded sensor nodes in the appliances and furniture, through the process of the wireless collection and Intemet connection in all the way, will double to supply people with a comfortable, convenient and more humane, intelligent household situation. Remote monitoring system, and will check the remote control of home appliance.


2) agriculture and wireless sensors will be applied for agriculture and the situation of application: the premise of affect crop case monitoring (abstruse and full agriculture monitoring), to the birds, insects and other small animal behavior, ocean, soil, gas composition of the eve of the detection, forest fire monitoring and pollution monitoring. Rainfall monitoring, the river water level monitoring, flood monitoring, etc.
5) intelligent transportation applications of intelligent transportation monitoring system using voice, image, video, temperature, humidity sensors, nodes deployed in a crossroads around, deployed in vehicle UK Watson Wchangeorganisation imported sensor nodes also on for GPS global positioning devices. Gathering node can be installed on the side of the road traffic operation measures such as pillar, rung, gateway nodes can be integrated in the pay money mouth traffic in a standard lights restraint, special sensor terminal nodes can landfill under the road or installed on the side of the road, the behavior of the vehicles on the road can also be installed sensor node dynamic sensors. Through the process a standard led exclusive collection of restraint, will be sent to the data collected by traffic center for further freedom.

5, big things

Wireless sensors growth is very quickly, in most countries in the world's military, industrial and academic scale caused widespread concern, has become one of research focuses in wireless collection in the world. Eve of the foreign research status, research department of the eve of the wireless sensors is still in the theoretical research and pilot phase, is necessarily distance from reality application. Wireless sensors research in China is still in its infancy. The theory in the theoretical research is still a commercial scale, wireless sensors to collect research, development, there are huge of the eve of the space, with the research and the application prospect of the eve.