from bacteria to people, all living things in the use of & other Biological molecular switch & throughout; To monitor the environment. Such & other; Switch & throughout; , that is, is made from polymer or protein, can change the shape of the molecule. These and other Molecular switch & throughout; Attractive is that they were small enough to inside cells & other; Office & throughout; And very targeted, enough to handle very complex environments.
These natural & other; Switch & throughout; Inspired, nano biosensors arises at the historic moment.
Biosensor is using immobilized biological components, such as enzymes, antigen, antibody, hormone, or cells of the organism itself, organelles, such as organization as the sensing element made of sensors.
According to the different molecular recognition element that biological sensors can be divided into the enzyme sensor, microbial sensors, sensor, organelles sensors, sensor, etc.; According to the signal conversion components can be divided into different electrochemical biosensors, semiconductor biosensor, calorimetric biosensors, metering type biosensor, sound type biosensor, etc.
In the expert opinion, the future development direction of nano biosensors should be integrated multi-functional detection machines, portable, one-off fast, it can be widely used in food, environment, battlefield, rapid detection in the field of human diseases.
Among them, the electrochemical biosensors because UK Watson has small volume, high resolution, short response time, you need less samples, small damage to living cells, etc, are widely used in the pharmaceutical industry, food testing and environmental protection and other fields.
Today, nanotechnology intervention is provides new vitality to the development of electrochemical biosensors.
Low dimensional organic materials ChengXinChong
In the study of electrochemical nanotechnology biosensor, electrochemical luminescence because has high stability and low background signal, its application in the detection has become a point of interest of scientists.
Nanometer material by electrochemical oxidation and reduction in the electrode surface can agent and reaction, to produce electrochemical luminescence.
The study further highlights the use of high specific surface area of one-dimensional nanomaterials preparation of biosensor, can improve the sensitivity of the sensor. Next, the scientists also will use the one dimensional nano materials build nano photonics biosensor related devices, realize the nano materials, photonics and the perfect integration of biology.
The future development trend of
With the development of nanotechnology and biosensors have merged, more and more new nano biosensors, such as quantum dots, polymer, nucleoside ligands such as nano biosensors.
For example, pathogens or pesticide residues in food and beverage ingredients rapid sensitive detection; Environment pollution gases or metal ions pollution in remote monitoring and control; Human blood components and rapid real-time detection of pathogens, battlefield and rapid detection of chemical and biological weapons and explosives.
But a new generation of nanotechnology biosensor also faces many challenges, such as higher sensitivity, specificity, biocompatibility, a variety of technology integration, simplified test method, preparation technology, mass production, cost effectiveness, etc.
, molecular self-assembly process simple and controllable, can achieve rapid replication, and lower cost, the biosensor has a very important role in promoting the development of, is advantageous to the high sensitivity, low cost, disposable biosensor development. And biological molecular self-assembly technique deserves more attention, it has natural biological compatibility, excellent performance, or will become another new field of biosensor development
